In Armenia, official restoration work has begun on one of the country’s most unique ancient landmarks — the Roman Baths located next to the Garni Temple.
The restoration of the ancient mosaic floors is being carried out by experts from the prestigious Opificio delle Pietre Dure Institute in Florence, internationally recognized for its excellence in cultural conservation.
This three-year project involves not only the reconstruction of the intricate floor mosaics, but also comprehensive structural work aimed at preserving the architectural integrity of the entire complex. In March 2024, Italian specialists conducted preliminary research and on-site measurements, which laid the foundation for the active restoration phase now underway.
The project is funded by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation, with strong support from the Italian Embassy in Armenia. It plays a key role in promoting cultural exchange between the two countries and represents Italy’s contribution to preserving global historical heritage.
Garni Temple — A Unique Symbol of Hellenistic Architecture in Armenia
The Garni Temple is the only surviving example of Hellenistic architecture in Armenia. Built in the 1st century AD by King Trdat I, it was dedicated to the sun god Mihr and showcases the elegance of the Ionic order. The temple complex is beautifully situated in the picturesque Azat River gorge, just 28 km from Yerevan, Armenia’s capital.
Only 50 meters northwest of the main temple lie the ruins of the 3rd-century Roman Baths, constructed in accordance with classical Roman architecture. The structure includes a frigidarium (cold room), tepidarium (warm room), and caldarium (hot room). The mosaic floors of the bathhouse are especially valuable — a rare and authentic example of ancient decorative art that has remarkably survived in its original form.
According to Armenia’s Ministry of Education, Science, Culture, and Sports, the restoration concept was first proposed in 2019 by Lucio Speka, an Italian restoration architect. After detailed evaluation, the project was approved and supported at the international level.
The restoration of the Garni bath mosaics is more than the rescue of a historical masterpiece — it contributes to tourism development, strengthens cultural ties, and represents a major step in preserving Armenia’s rich historical and cultural legacy.
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